DEFINITIONS

 

 

Here you will find a simple dictionary of mathematical terms and words. For a more detailed explanation, look at the KS3/GCSE or A-Level pages.

 

This page is under constant review and new words are likely to be added on a weekly basis. If the word you would like to know the meaning of is not here, please email GaziNotes and we will reply (usually within 24 hours) and we will add the word to the list (usually within a few days).

 

 

Acceleration

The rate at which the speed of an object is increasing or decreasing

Area

The amount of flat space inside a shape counted in squares (cm2, m2 etc)

Cancel

Divide top and bottom by common factors to make fraction numbers smaller

Capacity

How much fluid can fit into a 3D shape

Chord

Any straight line which touches opposite edges of a circle

Cosine (cos)

Adjacent/Hypotenuse

Cubic

Any expression in which the highest power of x is 3 eg 4x3+3x2

Diameter

Distance from one edge of a circle to the opposite edge passing through the centre of the circle

Expression

A collection of algebraic terms eg 2ab + 3bc +4cd

Factor

Number which divides evenly into

Factorise

To put into brackets eg 2x4+8x3 = 2x3(x+4)

Formula

An algebraic expression which tells you how to work something out A=bh

Hexagon

A 2D shape with 6 straight sides

Integer

Whole number

Irrational number

A number which cannot be expressed as an exact fraction eg

Multiple

Numbers in the times table eg multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 etc

Parallel Lines

Straight lines that are always the same distance apart

Pentagon

A 2D shape with 5 straight sides

Prime Numbers

Number which has exactly 2 factors, these are 1 and itself eg. 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 etc

Prism

A 3D shape with straight parallel sides and the same cross section throughout

Quadratic

Any expression in which the highest power of x is 2 eg 4x2+3x

Quadrilateral

A 2D shape with 4 straight sides

Radius

Distance from the centre of the circle to the edge of the circle

Rational Number

A number which can be expressed as an exact fraction

Scale Factor

The amount by which a shapes sides are getting larger or smaller

Simplify

Collect terms to make the expression simpler/shorter. Often includes factorising.

Sine (sin)

Opposite/Hypotenuse

Solve

To find the value (or values) for the unknown letter

Speed

How fast something is going measured by distand/time eg miles per hour, metres per second

Square numbers

Numbers which have an exact square root,  (eg 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 etc)

Tangent (circles)

A line which touches, but does not go through, the circumference of a circle at only 1 point

Tangent (tan)

Opposite/Adjacent

Term

A group of letters and/or numbers all multiplying each other eg 2a2b

Triangle

A 2D shape with 3 straight sides

Triangular numbers

Can be drawn in a triangle shape, go up 1 more with each term: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 etc

Volume

The amount of 3D space inside a shape counted in cubes (cm cubes, m cubes etc)

 

back